| Chronic fatigue syndrome1; Patients reporting fatigue (medically unexplained, lasting ≥6 months) |
Cognitive behaviour therapy vs. orthodox medical care |
Improved function |
6-7 months |
26.7 |
73.3 |
3 (2 to 5) |
| Head lice2; Patients of any infected with live lice |
Pediculicides (e.g., permethrin) vs. placebo |
Freedom from viable lice or eggs |
14 days |
5.9 |
97 |
2 (1 to 2) |
| Nosocomial pneumonia3 |
Semirecumbent body position (45° from the horizontal) vs. supine body position |
Clinically suspected nosocomial pneumonia |
72 hours |
34 |
8 |
4 (3 to 11) |
| Microbiologically confirmed nosocomial pneumonia (by bronchoalveolar lavage or protected specimen-brush cultures |
|
23 |
5 |
6 (4 to 29) |
| Influenza4 |
Oral oseltamivir once daily vs. placebo |
Laboratory-confirmed influenza-like illness |
6 weeks |
4.8 |
1.2 |
27 (17 to 59) |
| Oral oseltamivir twice daily vs. placebo |
|
|
4.8 |
1.3 |
29 (17 to 69) |
| Ventilator-associated5 |
Invasive management strategy (fiberoptic bronchoscopy to obtain protected specimen-brush samples or bronchoalveolar lavage samples to guide treatment vs. Clinical management strategy (control-clinical evaluation, examination of Gram-stained endotracheal aspirates and adherence to the American Thoracic Society guideline recommendations for choosing antiboitics) |
All-cause mortality |
28 days |
26 |
16 |
11 (6 to 56) |
| Dissolving earwax6 |
Docusate sodium vs. triethanolamine polypeptide (control) |
Complete visualisation of the tympanic membrane (with or without irrigation) |
|
35 |
81 |
3 (2 to 6) |
| Sepsis7 |
Immune enhancing enteral feeding formula vs. control formula |
Mortality |
|
32 |
19 |
8 (4 to 637) |
| Acquired bacteraemia |
|
22 |
8 |
8 (4 to 28) |
| ≥1 acquired nosocomial infection |
|
20 |
6 |
8 (5 to 23) |
| Influenza8 |
Influenza vaccine vs. placebo |
Patients reports of fever plus cough or sore throat and associated physician visits and lost work days during influenza period during flu season of 1998-99 |
After flu season was finished |
10.2 |
1.4 |
12 (7 to 27) |
